The effect of an information, motivation, and behavioral skills model intervention on young women's intention to get an HPV vaccine.

This study aims to examine the effect of the information, motivation, and behavioral skills (IMB) model intervention on young women's intention to get the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine. An intervention study that has a pre-test, post-test design was conducted with IMB and control groups. An intervention based on the IMB model, focusing on developing motivation and proper behavioral skills, was applied to the IMB group. A traditional approach was applied to the control group. In this study, the significant post-test differences within groups were information (both groups improved significantly, p < 0.01), individual motivation (the control group decreased significantly, p < 0.01), behavioral skills (both groups improved significantly, p < 0.01), self-management behavior (the IMB group increased significantly, p < 0.01), objective health outcome (the control group decreased significantly, p < 0.01), and subjective health outcome (the IMB group increased significantly, p < 0.0125). IMB-based interventions can help young women acquire new sexual health behaviors to prevent cervical cancer.

The effect of university students' violence tendency on their attitude towards domestic violence and the factors affecting domestic violence attitudes.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the tendency of violence and the factors affecting their attitudes towards domestic violence in university students studying health sciences. METHODS: The research was conducted with a total of 318 voluntary students studying in the senior year of nursing department in Faculty of Nursing, Ege University, Turkey and bearing the appropriate criteria for the participation and data were collected in the period June-July 2017. "Personal Information Form", "Violence Tendency Scale (VTS)" and "Domestic Violence Attitude Scale (DVAS)" developed by the researchers have been used in data collection. RESULTS: The research was conducted with a total of 318 students with average age of 22.41±1.49. Average VTS scores of the students were found to be 28.13±6.28. The factor effective on violence tendency has been determined to be the student's sex. DVAS of the students has been found to be 19.90±6.76. CONCLUSIONS: Violence phenomenon directed to youth was conducted on senior university students being a more developed group socially. However, young people's exposure to violence was found high (42.8%). Nevertheless, their scores on violence tendencies and domestic violence attitude were ascertained low.

The impact of prenatal education based on the Roy adaptation model on gestational hypertension, adaptation to pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the impact of prenatal education on gestational hypertension, adaptation to pregnancy and on maternal and neonatal outcomes. METHODS: The quasi-experimental case-control study was conducted at Aydin Maternity and Children's Hospital, Aydin, Turkey, from October 2013 to July 2015, and comprised women with gestational hypertension. The sample was randomised into education and control groups with the former receiving informative education and the latter receiving due medical care alone. Roy Adaptation Model was used to determine the impact of prenatal education. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Of the 132 subjects, 68(51.5%) were in the education group and 64(48.5%) in the control group. Postintervention, 11(16.2%) women in the education group and 37(57.8%)in the control group developed severe preeclampsia. Subsequently, 44(64.7%) in the education group had no preeclampsia. The corresponding number in the control group was 15(23.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Education based on Roy Adaptation Model proved to be effective among pregnant women in keeping hypertension under control.

[The Effect of Using High Fidelity Birthing Simulator on Satisfaction and Performance of Nursing Students in Developing Obstetric Skills]. / Obstetrik Becerilerin Gelistirilmesinde Gerçeklige Yakinligi Yüksek Dogum Simülatörü Kullaniminin Hemsirelik Ögrencilerinin Memnuniyet ve Performansi Üzerine Etkisi.

AIM: Research was carried out to examine the effect of training with realizing high fidelity birthing simulator on obstetric skill applications and satisfaction levels of students with in the scope of obstetric diagnostic applications. METHOD: The sample of the research, which was conducted in semi-experimental design, consisted of 90 students. In the study, the students in experiment group with high fidelity birthing simulator (n=47) and the students in control group (n=43) using basic-level modeling, not including advanced technology were in obstetric skills training in order to perform physical examination of pregnant and postpartum women. During collection of research data following forms were used; Obstetric Diagnostic Clinical Skills Guides, Satisfaction from Education Methods Survey and Professional Skills Laboratory Feedback Form. The socio-demographic data obtained from study were evaluated with number and percentage distributions using the Statistical Package for Social Science for Windows Version 15.0 package program. Independent Sample T Test, Mann-Withney U Test and Chi-Square Test were used for comparison between groups. RESULTS: Obstetric skill mean scores of the students in the experiment group were significantly higher than the control group. No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of satisfaction with the education method. The students in the experiment group responded more positively to " the suitability of the laboratory physics environment, the adequacy of the materials and adaptation with theoretical knowledge of the laboratory applications. Eighty one percent of the students in the experiment group and 58% of the students in the control group stated that "Laboratory practice" found sufficient. CONCLUSION: When using a high-fidelity birth simulator, students' laboratory skills are more adequate and their feedbacks towards laboratory studies are more positive. As a result of study it is recommended that the simulation-based education is widely used by nursing students at laboratory studies prior to clinic applications in universities providing education at the bachelor degree.

The effects of reflexology on anxiety and pain in patients after abdominal hysterectomy: A randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed at finding out the effects of reflexology on pain, anxiety levels after abdominal hysterectomy. DESING & METHODS: The study was performed on women hospitalized in the intensive care unit and gynecology services of Ege University Hospital in Izmir after abdominal hysterectomy between September 2013 and September 2014. This study was designed and conducted as a randomized controlled trial. The study sample consisted of 63 female patients: 32 in the experimental group and 31 in the control group. The postoperative daily monitoring sheet, Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), was employed to collect research data and "visual analog scale" to evaluate pain levels. RESULTS: The female patients' average age was found to be 47.23 ±â€¯4.71. The three-day monitoring showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of average pain levels and anxiety scores after reflexology (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Foot reflexology may serve as an effective nursing intervention to increase the well-being and decrease the pain of female patients after abdominal hysterectomy, and nurses should be aware of the benefits of reflexology.

The effects of Femore™ cream on sexual dysfunction in Turkish women.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of Femore™ cream on sexual dysfunction in menopause and women's satisfaction levels. BACKGROUND: The recent interest of public and the world of medicine in female sexual function have led to a rapid increase in the number of studies on the subject. DESIGN: The study was designed as an observational intervention study. METHODS: The research data were collected by using a Women Information Form consisting of 13 items; a Sexual Function Index to measure sexual function; and a Satisfaction Determination Form to determine the level of satisfaction with the medical service the women received for the problems with their reproductive organs. The study was conducted with 29 menopausal women who complied with the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: It was found that women's average age was 52·6; that the average menarche age was 13·0; and that the average menopause age was 46·2. The major complaint of nearly all the women who were aware of their sexual dysfunction was vaginal dryness, and it was concluded that they took no precautions against this problem. The total scores obtained from the Sexual Function Index were reported to be an average of 18·8 ± 4·2 before use of Femore™ cream and an average of 42·3 ± 2·0 after use of Femore™ cream. The average score concerning satisfaction with the use of Femore™ cream was noted to be 9·06 ± 0·40. CONCLUSIONS: The study results suggested that applying Femore™ cream had positive influences on sexual dysfunction and all subdomains. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Women's sexual health can therefore be assessed at primary care centres, and it is considered that health professionals employed at these centres, a majority of whom are female nurses and obstetricians, can play an important role in guiding women on the issue.

A comparison of the prenatal health behaviors of women from four cultural groups in Turkey: an ethnonursing study.

This research was conducted to uncover women's health behaviors during prenatal periods using a transcultural approach. The qualitative ethnonursing method was used, and the research was conducted at the family health center in Bornova District in Izmir. The data were collected between November 2007 and August 2008 using the purposive sampling method. Eighteen pregnant women were included in the study and in-depth face-to-face semi-structured interviews were recorded on an audio recording device. A thematic analysis revealed four main themes: family, social learning-tradition transfer, perceptions, and behavioral changes.

Spontaneous vaginal delivery or caesarean section? What do Turkish women think?

The aim of this study was to describe women's feelings, attitudes and beliefs about different modes of childbirth. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the obstetrics clinics of Ege University and Dr Ekrem Hayri Ustundag Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital in Izmir, Turkey. Three-hundred forty-two women who had given birth via spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) or caesarean section (C/S) between June and December 2009 voluntarily agreed to participate. Fifty-seven per cent of participants were aged 20-24. Sixty per cent of the women (n = 205) had undergone C/S during their last delivery; among these women, the birth method of 90% (n = 185) was decided by their doctors, whereas the remaining 10% (n = 20) made the decision themselves or with their partners. Sixty-three per cent (n = 250) of women who underwent C/S said that if they gave birth again, they would prefer to deliver via SVD. Eighty-eight per cent (n = 300) of women wanted the legal right to choose their birth method. Although the rate of C/S was high, most women stated that if given the choice, they would prefer a SVD if they had another child.

Preventing and terminating unwanted pregnancies in Turkey.

PURPOSE: To determine the methods used to prevent pregnancy by women seeking abortion of unwanted pregnancy, their knowledge and use of emergency contraception, and reasons for wanting the abortion. DESIGN: The sample was 144 randomly selected women, who requested abortion for termination of their pregnancies at two hospitals in Izmir, Turkey, during the study period. METHODS: A questionnaire was completed by the researcher in face-to-face interviews. FINDINGS: In this sample 43.8% had had previous abortions; 77.1% used some method of family planning; 7.0% used emergency contraceptives. The methods selected after unprotected sexual intercourse by these women included vaginal douche (37.5%), waiting to see whether the menstrual cycle would begin (27.0%), going to a hospital or maternal-child health center (24.3%), and two other alternatives (4.2%). One-fifth of the women said that, if they get pregnant again, they will have another abortion. CONCLUSIONS: The number of unwanted pregnancies is high and many women seek abortions as a birth control method. Women in this sample needed information about effective methods for preventing pregnancy.

Domestic violence during pregnancy in Turkey and responsibility of prenatal healthcare providers.

The purpose of this study was to estimate prevalence and risk groups of domestic violence during pregnancy in Manisa, Turkey, and to determine antenatal complications or health problems and health service use. This study was a population-based, cross-sectional, and household survey. The study universe included two primary health units situated in two different socioeconomic areas (rural and urban) in the city of Manisa, Turkey, from January to June 2004; the homes of 246 women were visited and the study sample included 217 women. A questionnaire was used that comprised sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics, and the Domestic Violence Against Women Determination Scale, developed by Yanikkerem in 2002 to measure the frequencies of type and severity of violence. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, version 10.0 for Windows) was used to analyze the data. Student t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to evaluate data. Results indicated that 9.7% of women were beaten by their partner during the pregnancy (17.3% in the rural area and 2.7% in the urban area) and 14.3% of women were beaten before pregnancy. A total of 10.6% of women said they had been slapped, 9.1% reported an object was thrown at them by their partner, and 6.5% admitted to having been kicked during pregnancy. A total of 36.4% of women reported experiencing forced sexual activity. Abused pregnant women were less educated, had lower income, were unmarried, were multiparous, had more children, had a longer duration of marriage, lived rural areas, were more likely to have unplanned pregnancies, had miscarriage, had an interpregnancy interval of 2 years or less, smoked more cigarettes, did not visit a health institution for control during pregnancy and did not know the sex or knew the fetus was female when compared with nonabused women. Abused women who live with various problems during pregnancy and are victims of violence tend to feel isolated, insecure, and depressed. Our results indicate that most pregnant women do not report that their prenatal care providers discussed violence with them. Healthcare provides have an important role in this issue. Antenatal care protocols should be modified to address domestic violence and contributing factors during pregnancy so that identified women can be counseled appropriately and attempts can be made to intervene to prevent further episodes of domestic violence in primary care settings.

A survey of knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to emergency contraception among health workers in Manisa, Turkey.

OBJECTIVE: to determine knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to emergency contraception among health-care providers (general practitioners, nurses and midwives). DESIGN: a cross-sectional design using face-to-face interview methods plus questionnaire in the work setting. Researchers were able to maintain privacy by using priority strategies. SETTING: 18 primary health-care units in Manisa, western Turkey. SAMPLE: 182 health-care providers (general practitioners [n = 72]; nurses and midwives [n = 110] were invited to participate in the study, but 26 of them declined. PARTICIPANTS: 156 health-care providers. As 16 participants had not heard of emergency contraception, 140 health-care providers (general practitioners [n = 51] and nurses and midwives [n = 89]) were included. FINDINGS: of the health-care providers, almost one in 10 was unfamiliar with the term 'emergency contraception'. Only a few health-care providers knew how to use the intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUCD) for emergency contraception and the doses of emergency contraceptive pills. Some health-care providers included emergency contraception in routine consultations, but many did not support the use of emergency contraception in Turkey. Many of the providers thought that young people should not know about emergency contraception. KEY CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: knowledge among health-care providers about emergency contraception is inadequate. All health-care providers should know about emergency contraception and include it in routine contraceptive consultations. Thus, continuing education information programmes are required. Further research into the knowledge, practices and attitudes of health-care providers is needed to understand the underlying reasons for the hesitant attitudes among health professionals.

Peer education project on breast self-examination in Izmir, Turkey.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to assess undergraduate female student knowledge related to the Peer Education Method and Breast Self-Examination (BSE), to encourage them to refer for screening with certain intervals and to teach them the means of utilizing the health services. DESIGN: The subjects comprised 160 undergraduate female students who were selected by simple random sampling and who accepted to participate. METHODS: A survey form, which was prepared under the direction of relative literature by the researcher four 3rd graders of Ege University School of Nursing, was applied to female students. The data collected were assessed after being coded. FINDINGS: The numbers of undergraduate female students performing BSE regularly and their information levels related to the symptoms of breast cancer were found to be very low, but their mean scores for performing BSE after training given by peer guides were increased and the peer group training was found to be effective. CONCLUSIONS: From the results we conclude that the training guide was appropriate for transmitting information to university students for peer group education purposes.